Sarah B. Hrdy 这位人类学家和加利福尼亚大学的名誉教授就人类的母性科学写了大量的文章。 作者在这个问题上有一个革命性的甚至是有争议的观点，根据她的说法，母性本能，即那个所谓的程序化的女性态度，并不存在。
她认为，实际发生的情况是对孩子进行投资的生物倾向--由成本和收益之间的冷酷关系决定。
See_also: 回到《回到未来》：首映37年后，马蒂-麦克弗里和布朗博士重聚。
"所有哺乳动物的雌性都有母性反应，或称'本能'，但这并不意味着，像人们经常假设的那样，每个生育的母亲都会自动[准备]养育她的后代" 赫迪说。 "相反，妊娠荷尔蒙刺激母亲对婴儿的刺激作出反应，出生后，她一步步对生物线索作出反应。"
See_also: 我们可以从拭目以待的海马照片背后的故事中学到什么萨拉得出的结论是，妇女不会本能地爱她们的婴儿，而且像动物界的其他雌性动物一样，不会自动依附于她们的孩子。 我们所设想的母性本能，并不存在。 母亲对孩子的无条件的爱也不是基于生理要求。
女性并不是天生就有想生孩子的气门，只有遗传才会使生孩子的女性为她们提供适当的生长条件。
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